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Epilepsy In Dogs
from: Kyle BesserIdiopathic epilepsy is a specific term referring to a seizure disorder that has no identifiable cause. Idiopathic epilepsy is also referred to as genetic or congenital epilepsy. The terms epilepsy, seizure, fit or convulsion all mean the same thing: the physical manifestation of a sudden, excessive electrical discharge of neurons in the brain resulting in a series of involuntary contractions of the voluntary muscles, abnormal sensations, abnormal behaviors or some combination of these events.
The physical manifestation of epilepsy in dogs can vary from a far-away look, twitching in one part of the face, to falling on one side and barking, gnashing teeth, urinating, defecating and paddling limbs. Seizures usually appear suddenly and end spontaneously. Seizures can last from seconds to minutes.
Idiopathic epilepsy can occur in all pedigree breeds and in mixed breed dogs. In some breeds, idiopathic epilepsy has been proven to be genetic. These breeds include Beagles, Belgian Tervurens, Cocker Spaniels, German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Irish Setters, Keeshonds, Labrador Retrievers, Poodles, Saint Bernards and Wirehaired Fox Terriers. Since idiopathic epilepsy or a predisposition to epilepsy might be inherited, neither epileptic dogs nor their first degree relative should be used for breeding.
There are three stages of dog epileptic seizures:
Aura
Certain signs of an impending dog epileptic seizure may be evident, such as restlessness, whining, shaking, salivation, affection, wandering or hiding. These signs of an impending dog epileptic seizure may persist from seconds to days in duration and may or may not be apparent to you.
Ictus
During the ictus stage, the dog epileptic seizure occurs. The dog epileptic seizure may last seconds or minutes. Your dog may fall on his side and may look like he is kicking or paddling. The dog will salivate, lose control of his bladder and be unaware of his surroundings.
Postictial
The postictial stage occurs immediately after the dog epileptic seizure. Your dog will appear confused and disoriented and may wander or pace. He may still exhibit salivation and may be unresponsive to you, or he may come to you for comfort. The period may be short or it may last for days.
What to Do If Your Dog Has a Seizure:
*Do not panic. If your dog is having a seizure, he is unconscious and he is not suffering. Your dog may seem like he is not breathing, but he is.
*Keep your dog from hurting itself by moving objects and furniture away from the immediate area. Also protect him from water, stairs, and other sharp objects that can't be moved. If possible, place a pillow under his head to prevent head trauma.
*Time the seizure. Look at a clock or watch and note the length of time of the seizure. It may seem like forever, but it may only be 30 seconds.
*Note what type of muscular activity or abnormal behavior your dog exhibits during the seizures. Your veterinarian may want you to keep a record of the date and length of time of each seizure.
*If the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, call your veterinarian or veterinary emergency clinic immediately.
*Do not put any object into your dog's mouth. Dogs do not swallow their tongues. Do not put your hand in your dog's mouth as you may get bit.
*Keep children and other pets away from your dog while it is seizing.
*Stay by your dog's side. Stroke and comfort your dog so when he comes out of the seizure you are there to calm him.
*Observe your dog's behavior after the seizure. Do not allow your dog access stairs until fully recovered. Offer water in case he wants to drink.
*Be prepared for vocalization and stumbling after the seizure ends. You need to be strong and offer support and comfort to your dog. Your dog will be confused and may feel as though he did something wrong. Speak softly with a soothing voice.
If your pet has not fully recovered from a seizure within 30 minutes, contact your veterinarian or local emergency facility.
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